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Cost-Effective Depression Treatment Depression can be expensive, especially if your insurance isn't covered. You may have to pay copayments and deductibles for therapy sessions. The medications you take can also be expensive. There are ways to cut costs and improve your health. This study enhances an uncontrolled, randomized trial by employing an archived claims database to examine the cost-effectiveness of standardized psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy in primary care patients suffering from depression that is resistant to treatment. Antidepressants Antidepressants are prescription medications which help in easing depression. They work by changing the levels of chemical substances in your brain, known as neurotransmitters. These chemicals regulate the way your body functions, including sleep and mood. Some people may experience side-effects. It could take up to eight weeks for antidepressants to begin to work. Some of these include drowsiness nausea and diarrhea. If these symptoms become bothersome, your doctor will change the medication or reduce the dosage. A health care provider will discuss your options when you first begin treatment with antidepressants. You may have to test various types of antidepressants before settling on one that suits your needs. Your doctor will also take into consideration your age and any other health problems. Your doctor will make sure that antidepressants are safe for both you and your child if you are pregnant or nursing. Antidepressants rarely cause serious side effects. Certain people, however, may suffer from serious side effects like hyponatremia or seizures. Suicidal thoughts and an urge to harm oneself are also possible adverse effects. Young people, especially under 25, seem to be more likely to have these feelings after starting antidepressants or having their dosage changed. If you experience these symptoms, contact your doctor or go to an emergency room. You will also be asked if can drink alcohol or take other drugs safely when taking antidepressants. Tell your doctor all of the medications you're taking. This includes over-the-counter drugs and herbal remedies. Your provider will let you know if any of these can affect how well your antidepressants work. Mood stabilizers can also help some people with depression. They can be used on their own or in conjunction with antidepressants. Mood stabilizers may also prevent your depression from returning after the antidepressants have worn off. Psychotherapy Psychotherapy (also known as talk therapy) involves a licensed mental health professional and the patient who meet individually or in a small group. It is a treatment option to treat a variety of ailments like depression. In the first few sessions your therapist will collect information about you and your present emotional state. You might be asked to fill in some forms to help them determine the type of therapy that you need. Psychotherapy can be provided by psychiatrists, psychologists, licensed social workers, or licensed marriage and family therapists. They can assist you in changing unhealthy emotions and behavior. They can also teach you new ways of coping. They can help you understand the root of your depression's causes, like unresolved grief or loss family or work issues, or other traumatic events. depression treatment guidelines are trained to listen, help and encourage patients. They may also suggest other treatments such as light therapy, exercise, and other supplements. They may also suggest that you take a short break from certain activities to lessen your stress. Then, you can focus on recovery and not worry about other concerns. Your therapist can recommend an individual treatment plan that will meet your specific needs and circumstances. The most common type of psychotherapy is called cognitive therapy that helps you recognize unhealthy thoughts and behaviors and replace them with healthier ones. Interpersonal therapy is a popular therapy that can assist you with the root of issues like grieving, loss, relationship problems, or other conflicts. Interpersonal therapy can help you learn how to express your emotions and improve your communication with others, and handle conflicts in relationships. Before starting your psychotherapy, you need to get a medical examination to rule out any physical diseases that could trigger or worsen your symptoms. If required, your physician may refer you to a specialist. If you do not have an primary healthcare provider, you can look for an therapist on the internet or through the employee assistance program of your employer. If your insurance doesn't cover psychotherapy, you will be required to pay a copayment. It is best to carry your insurance card on hand so that the therapist can verify your identity and then submit the claim to your insurer. Vagus nerve stimulation Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a cost-effective treatment for severe depression that isn't responding to conventional therapies. It is a nonpharmacological treatment that involves placing electrodes on the neck, chest and abdomen in order to stimulate vagus. The FDA has approved VNS for the treatment of depression, anxiety and digestive disorders. It can also help control seizures in people with epilepsy. The device consists of a small pulse generator and wires that connect to vagus nerve. The stimulation is delivered via the silicone sheath placed over the nerve. It's a minimally-invasive procedure and is usually done as an outpatient procedure. It can be combined with other treatments such as talk therapy, but it is not meant to replace these treatments. The vagus is a cranial nervous that runs from the brain to the chest and abdomen. It is a significant communication channel between the brain as well as the gastrointestinal tract and the body. It transmits both motor and sensory signals. It is composed of eighty percent sensory afferent fibers, and twenty percent motor efferent fibres. The afferent fibers relay sensory information from the body to the brain and the motor efferent fibres transmit motor signals to the body. There are several different types of VNS devices however they all function by stimulating the vagus nerve. The pulse generator, which is implanted in either the abdomen or chest, transmits electrical signals through an electrode to the nerve. The doctor can configure the device to emit electrical pulses at a certain frequency and determine how often the impulses will fire. The settings can be altered frequently based on your response to the stimulation. A person who is using a VNS device must see their doctor on a regular basis. The doctor will monitor the device to ensure that it's functioning properly and also to look for side effects. It is essential to inform your doctor about any imaging or medical tests that you have, because the device could interfere with these tests. It is also essential to inform your doctor whether you suffer from any sensitivities or allergies to specific substances. Electroconvulsive Therapy ECT involves applying small electric currents to the brain while the patient is under anesthesia. This causes an epileptic seizure that lasts for a short time, that alters the brain's chemical chemistry and can relieve symptoms quickly of refractory mental health conditions and depression. ECT is administered in a series of sessions and is extremely effective for patients who haven't had a response to other treatments. It can also be used to manage catatonia and mania. In the past, high doses of electricity were injected without anesthesia, leading to serious side effects such as fractured bones and memory loss. Recent treatments are more efficient and safer. ECT can be done in hospitals or at home. If the procedure is done by a skilled psychiatrist or anesthesiologist, there are minimal risks of adverse effects. The economic burden of depression is substantial. Recurrent depression can be an illness that can severely impact the quality of life and can cause significant disability. Depression can also lead to an increased need for medical care and can worsen social problems like poverty, substance abuse and violence. Furthermore, depression that is not treated can be associated with increased workplace costs due to absenteeism and presenteeism. In lowand middle-income countries, it is important to reduce the burden of depression. This review was designed to provide cost-effectiveness data on the treatment of depression in LMICs. The review looked at model-based and trial-based studies on pharmacological and other treatments. The review also included a meta analysis to estimate the average ICER for different treatments for depression. The results suggest that combining psychosocial therapy with antidepressants may result in lower ICER values than monotherapy. The review also found that the implementation of psychosocial interventions at the community levels may be more cost-effective than providing them through clinics. A model-based economic analysis comparing CBT with SSRIs revealed that CBT was more cost-effective than SSRIs. It produced higher QALYs at 1 year and 5 years, but had lower costs at these points than SSRIs. It also had a higher societal willing to pay (WTP) threshold than SSRIs. A study from Pakistan revealed that incorporating a healthy lifestyle program in addition to routine treatment was cost-effective both from a healthcare and societal perspective.